# Retatrutide Research References

> Complete citations for Retatrutide research summaries on this site — Phase 2, Phase 3 trials, cryo-EM mechanism, MASLD, kidney, and oncology studies. PubMed, DOI, and PubMed Central links.

Every quantitative claim on this site traces to one of the following sources. Citations are numbered consistently across pages.

## References

[1] Jastreboff AM, et al. Triple–Hormone-Receptor Agonist Retatrutide for Obesity — A Phase 2 Trial. N Engl J Med. 2023;389:514-526. PMID: 37366315. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2301972. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2301972

[2] Jastreboff AM, et al. Same source, dose-response at 24 weeks. N Engl J Med. 2023;389:514-526. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2301972.

[3] Jastreboff AM, et al. Same source, adverse events. N Engl J Med. 2023;389:514-526. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2301972.

[4] Rosenstock J, Frias J, Jastreboff AM, et al. Retatrutide, a GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist, for people with type 2 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo and active-controlled, parallel-group, phase 2 trial conducted in the USA. Lancet. 2023. PMID: 37385280. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01053-X. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37385280/

[5] Urva S, Coskun T, Loh MT, et al. LY3437943, a novel triple GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptor agonist in people with type 2 diabetes: a phase 1b, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, multiple-ascending dose trial. Lancet. 2022;400:1869-1881. PMID: 36354040. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02033-5. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36354040/

[6] Li W, Zhou Q, Cong Z, et al. Structural insights into the triple agonism at GLP-1R, GIPR and GCGR manifested by retatrutide. Cell Discovery. 2024. PMC11255275. DOI: 10.1038/s41421-024-00700-0. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11255275/

[7] Sanyal AJ, Kaplan LM, Frias JP, et al. Triple hormone receptor agonist retatrutide for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a randomized phase 2a trial. Nat Med. 2024. PMC11271400. DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-03018-2. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11271400/

[8] Marathe SJ, Grey EW, Bohm MS, et al. Incretin triple agonist retatrutide (LY3437943) alleviates obesity-associated cancer progression. NPJ Metab Health Dis. 2025. PMC11908972. DOI: 10.1038/s44324-025-00054-5. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11908972/

[9] Eli Lilly and Company. Lilly's triple agonist, retatrutide, delivered powerful weight loss in pivotal Phase 3 obesity trial (TRIUMPH-1 press release). PR Newswire. 2026. https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/lillys-triple-agonist-retatrutide-delivered-powerful-weight-loss-in-pivotal-phase-3-obesity-trial-302778859.html

[10] Eli Lilly and Company. TRIUMPH-4 press release. Eli Lilly Investor Relations. 2025. https://investor.lilly.com/news-releases/news-release-details/lillys-triple-agonist-retatrutide-delivered-weight-loss-average

[11] Abouelmagd AA, Abdelrehim AM, Bashir MN, et al. Efficacy and safety of retatrutide: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2025. PMC12026077. DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2025.2456441. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12026077/

[12] Goldney J, Hamza M, Surti F, Davies MJ, Papamargaritis D. Triple Agonism Based Therapies for Obesity. Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep. 2025. PMC12304053. DOI: 10.1007/s12170-025-00770-z. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12304053/

[13] Same source, indirect comparison data.

[14] Katsi V, Koutsopoulos G, Fragoulis C, Dimitriadis K, Tsioufis K. Retatrutide—A Game Changer in Obesity Pharmacotherapy. Biomolecules. 2025. PMC12190491. DOI: 10.3390/biom15060796. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12190491/

[15] Same source, hepatic fat outcomes.

[16] Doggrell SA. Retatrutide showing promise in obesity (and type 2 diabetes). Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2023. PMID: 37947489. DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2023.2283020. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37947489/

[17] Goldney J, et al. Same as [12], semaglutide indirect comparison.

[18] Heerspink HJL, Lu Z, Du Y, et al. The Effect of Retatrutide on Kidney Parameters in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and/or Obesity. Kidney Int Rep. 2025. PMC12231004. DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2025.03.049. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12231004/

[19] Quarenghi M, Capelli S, Galligani G, et al. Weight Regain After Liraglutide, Semaglutide or Tirzepatide Interruption: A Narrative Review of Randomized Studies. J Clin Med. 2025. PMC12155999. DOI: 10.3390/jcm14113791. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12155999/

[20] Doggrell SA. Is retatrutide (LY3437943), a GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptor agonist a step forward in the treatment of diabetes and obesity? Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2023. PMID: 37086147. DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2023.2206560. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37086147/

[21] Eli Lilly and Company. TRIUMPH-3: A Study of Retatrutide (LY3437943) in Participants With Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease. ClinicalTrials.gov. 2023. NCT05882045. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05882045

[22] Jastreboff AM, et al. Same as [1], onset and time-course data.

[23] The Pharmaceutical Journal. Phase III retatrutide study demonstrates 30% weight loss. The Pharmaceutical Journal. 2026. https://pharmaceutical-journal.com/article/news/phase-iii-retatrutide-study-demonstrates-30-weight-loss

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Plain-language summaries of the Phase 2 and Phase 3 Retatrutide trial record — independent, cited, and not a clinical service.